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I can explore the hypocrisy of the character of Utterson throughout ‘Jekyll and Hyde’.

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Licence

This content is © Oak National Academy Limited (2023), licensed on Open Government Licence version 3.0 except where otherwise stated. See Oak's terms & conditions (Collection 2).

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Key learning points

The first 8 chapters are focalised through Utterson, highlighting the tension between his curiosity and wilful ignorance
The word 'Case' in the title links to Utterson's legal profession, yet he is more concerned with reputation than justice
Stevenson makes us question whether Utterson remains friends with 'downgoing' men out of loyalty or repressed desires
Chapter 2 is key to understanding Utterson, as he is driven by curiosity to pursue Hyde as 'Mr Seek'
Chapters 1 and 7 are significant as Utterson chooses to ignore the signs of Jekyll's distress to protect his reputation

Common misconception

Mr. Utterson is an example of a respectable, Victorian gentleman.

The reality is more complex. Utterson seems more concerned with protecting the reputation of Jekyll than pursuing any real justice.

Keywords

Focalised - Focalised refers to the perspective from which the story is told. In 'Jekyll & Hyde' the first 8 chapters are focalised through Utterson.
Third person limited - A third-person limited narrative structure is where a story is told from the perspective of one protagonist. We only see their thoughts.
Repression - Repression refers to the restraint, prevention or inhibition of a feeling or quality.
Justice - Justice concerns just behaviour or treatment.
Loyalty - If you are showing a strong feeling of support or allegiance then you are showing loyalty

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\"Hypocrisy in 'Jekyll and Hyde': the role of Utterson\".

Hello and welcome to today's lesson.

My name is Mr. Young, and today's lesson is all about Mr. Utterson, a character I really love to analyse, and in particular I love to look at his kind of hypocrisy in the context of the story of Jekyll and Hyde.

So without further ado, let's get started.

So today's learning has a very clear outcome, which is as follows.

So hopefully by the end of today's lesson everybody should be able to do the following, which is I can explore the role of Utterson across the text.

And as always, we have some important words, which are our keywords.

So let's look at what they are for today's lesson.

Focalized, third-person limited, repression, justice, loyalty.

So let's make a start on today's lesson.

So our learning today, we'll have three very clear learning cycles.

So firstly, we are going to start just by looking at how the character of Utterson is introduced when we first meet him in Chapter 1.

And then we're gonna look at learning cycle two, and it's got the title of \"Utterson: 'Mr. Seek'\".

So I think we can learn a little bit from that title itself, but we're gonna look at the extent to which kind of Utterson puts it upon himself to investigate this mystery of Dr.

Jekyll and Mr. Hyde.

And then finally, we are gonna move on to respectability and reputation.

Remember Mr. Utterson and many of the characters in the novella are from the kind of upper privileged classes of Victorian England.

So we're gonna look at that in a little bit more detail, and pick out whether there might be just a little bit of hypocrisy within that.

So let's get started with our first learning cycle of introducing Utterson.

So let's take a look at how Utterson is first introduced in \"The Strange Case of Dr.

Jekyll and Mr. Hyde\".

So when we meet Mr. Utterson in Chapter 1, this is how he's first introduced to us as the audience.

\"Mr. Utterson the lawyer was a man of rugged countenance that was never lighted by a smile; cold, scanty and embarrassed in discourse; backward in sentiment; lean, long, dusty, dreary, and yet somehow lovable.

He was austere with himself, drinking gin when he was alone to mortify a taste for vintages; and though he enjoyed the theatre, had not crossed the doors of one for 20 years.

But he had an approved tolerance of others; sometimes wondering, almost with envy, at the high pressure of spirits involved in their misdeeds; and in any extremity inclined to help rather than to reprove.\" Okay, a really nice piece of writing there from Stevenson, that is really good at kind of giving us this quick introduction to the character of Utterson.

So my question for you then is what kind of character is Utterson according to this description? So pause the video, complete the task, and then push Play when you'd like to see some feedback.

Okay, some lovely discussions taking place there.

Really nice to see what you already know about Utterson, and using kind of direct quotations in this extract to really support that.

So really well done to all of you who did that.

The things that really jump out to me, and we'll unpick these in a bit more detail in a minute, but are potentially his kind of cold and aloof nature, that his kind of repression of the things that he likes, and potentially the people that he associates with, the people that are said to be committing misdeeds.

So we'll look at all those in detail in a bit more in the lesson.

But our final bit of the introduction for Utterson is as follows then.

So he says, \"'I incline to Cain's heresy,' he used to say quaintly: 'I let my brother go to the devil in his own way.

' In this character, it was frequently his fortune to be the last reputable acquaintance and the last good influence in the lives of downgoing men.

And to such as these, so long as they came about his chambers, he never marked a shade of change in his demeanour.\" Again, another really interesting aspect of Utterson description and his interactions.

So my question to you is around that.

So what kinds of people does Mr. Utterson interact with, and what might this tell you about his character? So once again, pause the video, complete the task, and then push Play when you'd like to hear some feedback to that task.

Again, some really nice conversations there, looking at the specific words and quotations used in that extract.

And super impressive if you are able to identify the idea that the people that he's kind of socialising or hanging around with are not exactly the most reputable people.

They are described as downgoing men, this idea that they're kind of on the wrong track, and maybe being kind of shunned by the rest of society.

So once again, we're gonna unpick all of these in a minute, but really, really nice opening conversations about Mr. Utterson, so well done.

Okay, so let's look in a bit more detail at those things that we have looked at just then.

So in the same extract we've got this question.

So what do we learn about Utterson from the novella's opening? So what are some things that we learn about him? So let's take a look.

So the first thing is this kind of almost contradiction in how he's presented.

So firstly, he's presented as a rather kind of drab, aloof character who seems quite cold and emotionless.

However, we learn that he's still lovable in spite of all this.

So some people still find him kind of quite affectionate, and have a good relationship with him despite this kind of overall aloof nature of Utterson.

Again, we get this idea that he is quite repressive, and we spoke about this in the opening conversation.

So he kind of represses his desires.

He drinks gin even though he prefers wine, and he doesn't go to the theatre despite enjoying it.

In fact, he hasn't been to the theatre in 20 years despite enjoying it.

So this is kind of hinting at his repressive nature, but there's also potentially a wider point here about the repressive nature of many of these characters.

And arguably it's only the character of Hyde who seems to let his desires run unchecked, he doesn't kind of repress himself in any way.

So again, just looking at that second part of the description, we learn a few other things as well.

So we learn here that this character of Utterson is not all that he seems. He seems to almost relish the dark secrets and deeds of his peers, so those kind of in his immediate social group.

So we would say this is kind of at odds with his reputation as a respectable gentleman.

Remember Mr. Utterson is a lawyer, he's kind of upper middle class, we would expect him to not really be kind of thinking or acting in this way.

And we also learn that he doesn't reprove his friends, meaning that he's reluctant to criticise their actions.

So if he sees kind of his friends acting in a way that is not particularly in keeping with their their position, he doesn't seem to want to criticise them either.

And this is kind of brought out a little bit more in the next bit when he says he inclines to Cain's heresy, which is a direct reference to the biblical story of Cain and Abel.

So what we learn here is about Utterson's approach to his friends.

So in the story of Cain and Abel, Cain said, \"Am I my brother's keeper?\", effectively saying, should I be responsible for my brother's whereabouts and behaviour at all times, suggesting that he is his own person and he should be left as such.

So this is kind of what Utterson is suggesting about his own friends.

He's saying it's not his responsibility to know about the deeds of others.

He seems totally comfortable with this idea of his friends going to the devil in their own way.

And again, we've got this high idea here about him being the last repeatable acquaintance in the lives of downgoing men.

So again, this suggests that Utterson has a considerate nature, he's always ready to help those who have suffered misfortune.

However, it could also indicate that he's happy to associate with downgoing men.

This is quite a vague term, and could catch quite a lot of different misdeeds.

So again, we could argue that he shares potentially some affinity or similarity with them, perhaps repressing his own desires in a similar way.

So lots of really interesting things we learn about the character of Utterson in that opening description from Stevenson.

So my first check for understanding for you then is as follows, so a quick true or false.

So in the opening paragraph Utterson is shown as having a repressive nature.

True or false? Pause the video, complete the task, and then do push Play when you'd like to see the correct answer.

It is of course true, so well done if you are able to identify that.

But let's just make this a little bit more tricky by trying to justify that answer.

So how could you justify that? Is it that he denies himself the theatre and wine, things he enjoys? Or does he subdue his inherent curiosity in pursuing Mr. Hyde? Once again, pause the video, complete the task, and then do push Play when you'd like to see the correct answer.

And great job if you identified it as B.

Yep, he absolutely denies himself things he enjoys, things like theatre and wine, and it isn't B, it can't be B because he is actually quite curious in his pursuit of Hyde.

He, above all else, is the character in the novella that seems to want to get to the bottom of this mystery.

Second check for understanding then, please.

So complete the following quote about Utterson.

It was frequently his fortune to be the last reputable acquaintance and the last good influence in the lives of blank men.

Pause the video, complete the task, and then do push Play when you'd like to see the correct answer.

Well done if you identified it as downgoing, it is absolutely downgoing men, this idea that Utterson is kind of socialising with people that are just outside of the social mainstream, perhaps that have been shunned by other people in his position.

Really well done if you were able to identify that.

Okay, so we've moved on to our first practise task then of today's lesson, which is all about introducing Utterson.

So what we've got here is a student statement.

So after reading the opening of \"The Strange Case of Dr.

Jekyll and Mr. Hyde\", Lucas made the following statement.

Lucas said, \"At the start of the novella there is evidence that Utterson isn't quite the respectable Victorian gentleman that he seems.\" So my task for you is as follows, so what evidence from the opening of the text could support Lucas's argument? Bullet point anything that could support his ideas.

Really looking forward to how you get on with this one, and what you can apply from the opening learning cycle into your answer.

So pause the video, complete the task, and then do push Play when you'd like to see some feedback.

Okay, great job on today's first practise task of this lesson.

It's really nice to see all the fantastic work that you are doing, applying what you know about Utterson and what you've just learned about Utterson to a task of this nature.

So really well done to everybody.

So there are some ideas on the board in front of you.

Now these are not the 100% correct answers, these are just some ideas you may have had.

So don't stress if you didn't get exactly what is on the board in front of you.

But some things we could have said to support Lucas's statement are as follows, he associates with downgoing men.

So this idea that Utterson kind of engages and socialises with people that most others in his position would not.

This doesn't really square up with the idea of a respectable Victorian gentleman.

And again, we could say something very similar to the second point, which is he seems reluctant to criticise negative behaviour, letting his friends go to the devil.

So this phrase, letting them go to the devil, is quite vague, we don't quite know what that entails, but we certainly learn a lot more in the novella about the kind of behaviour that Utterson is willing to overlook.

So again, once again this is not really befitting what a Victorian gentleman would do of the time.

Again, we've got this quote that he relishes the misdeeds of others.

This is a really fascinating quote about Utterson, and one of my favourites, actually, that really tells you a lot about him as a man.

So he doesn't just ignore the bad things that his friends do, he seems to actually enjoy or relish what they do.

He is almost living vicariously through the negative behaviour of others.

And again, this is not what we would expect respectable Victorian lawyers like Utterson to be doing at the time.

And finally the last two bullet points, he doesn't judge the bad deeds or behaviour of his friends, and like Cain, he's not his brother's keeper.

So this kind of alludes to the idea that Utterson does not consider it his position to get involved in the business of his friends, whether that business is good or bad.

Again, remember Utterson is a lawyer, so he's somebody who upholds the law.

So this kind of flies in the face of his representation of a respectable Victorian gentleman.

So great work if you are able to identify anything similar in your homework.

Okay, we've made it to learning cycle two, which is called \"Utterson: 'Mr Seek'\".

So you can probably work out from this title what this learning cycle is going to be all about.

So this is all about the idea that Utterson is this kind of self-designated investigator into the case of Jekyll and Hyde.

So let's get started and explore that in a little bit more detail.

So the first eight chapters are focalized through the character of Mr. Utterson.

So what that means is we kind of see things how he sees them, he is our narrator, he's our protagonist, and we see things very much through the eyes of Utterson.

So as a quick recap for each of those chapters, the following things happen.

So in Chapter 1 Utterson is told by Enfield of the trampling of the girl by Hyde.

In Chapter 2 Utterson learns of the will, and speaks to Hyde outside Jekyll's house.

In Chapter 3 Jekyll reassures Utterson about the will as he can be rid of Hyde.

Chapter 4, Carew is murdered, and Utterson suspects Hyde is involved.

Chapter 5, Utterson notices similarity in the handwriting of Hyde and Jekyll.

Chapter 6, Lanyon dies, and gives a letter to Utterson for after Jekyll's death.

Chapter 7, Utterson sees a sickly Jekyll on one of his regular walks.

And Chapter 8, Utterson visits the lab, and finds out the truth.

So my question for you is as follows.

So looking at these kind of key moments from the chapters focalized from the perspective of Utterson, what kind of impression do we get of Utterson? So pause the video, have a quick discussion, and then do push Play when you'd like to continue with the lesson.

Okay, some lovely conversations there to take us into learning cycle two.

And I'm particularly impressed by all of you who are kind of picking out this idea of Utterson being very curious, very investigative, perhaps because of the result of him being a lawyer, and having that kind of inquisitive brain.

So we see this very much as an investigation led by Utterson or certainly the first eight chapters of the novella.

So the story uses a third-person limited narrative structure instead of third-person omniscient.

So this means that when the story is being told from the perspective of Utterson, it is only his thoughts and feelings that we have access to, we do not have access to how Enfield, or Lanyon, or how any of the other characters are feeling, it is just Utterson's thoughts and feelings.

This is what is meant by a third-person limited narrative structure.

So my question to you then is as follows.

So why do you think Stevenson has chosen to do that? He could have used any narrative structure that he liked, but he chose to use this third-person limited structure.

Pause the video, have a quick discussion, and then do push Play when you'd like to continue.

Okay, some really nice conversations there.

Well done for all of you who are kind of picking out this idea of mystery and the unknown.

So I would argue that Stevenson does this to blinker the reader's perspective, to almost blind the reader, which adds to the overall sense of mystery from the story.

So well done if you picked up anything similar to that.

So in relation to Utterson, the use of this structure also exemplifies the conflict between Utterson's curiosity in the case alongside his willful ignorance of the misdeeds of his friends.

Really well done if you were able to pick up anything similar in your own discussions.

Okay, our first check for understanding then for learning cycle two.

So a third-person limited narrative adds to the overall sense of mystery of the novella.

True or false? Pause the video, and then push Play when you'd like to see the correct answer.

Yep, it is of course true, and well done for all of you who identified that.

But let's just make that a little bit more challenging.

So how could we justify that? Would we say it blinkers the reader to only one character's perspective, creating ambiguity? Or by understanding all characters' thoughts and feelings we better understand their motives, creating mystery? So once again, pause that video, and complete the task, and push Play when you'd like to continue.

And yep you're quite right, it is A, it blinkers the reader to only one character's perspective, creating ambiguity.

So that ambiguity and that mystery would just not be there in the the novella if we had a third-person omniscient structure.

So if we were able to see and understand all characters' thoughts and feelings at any one time in the novella, it just would not have the same mystery.

So that is what the third-person limited is really, really good at achieving from Stevenson.

Okay, so let's have a quick discussion then.

So what actions does Utterson take to show that he's curious about the case? Pause the video, recap your knowledge of the story, and then push Play when you'd like to see some feedback.

Okay, some really nice conversations there, and there's kind of a real distinction, isn't there, between what he kind of thinks and says, and the actual actions that he takes in kind of getting to the bottom of this case of Jekyll and Hyde.

So some of the things I would say is this kind of, a key part of his character is his curiosity, he self-appoints himself Mr. Seek.

However, it is also important to explore the extent to which his curiosity clashes with his willful ignorance of the events unfolding.

And I think this is really important when we look at the hypocrisy of characters like Utterson, to what extent is he genuinely curious about what is going on, or is there an element here of a kind of willful ignorance to protect the reputation of his friends? So let's unpick that a little bit more.

So we've got a table here with two different columns, curious and willfully ignorant.

So how does Utterson show his curious nature? Well, I'd say there's a couple of key things he does that really demonstrate this.

So he pursues Hyde to Jekyll's door, he kind of involves himself in the case directly.

And this is quite interesting 'cause this seems to suggest, the introduction to Utterson seems to suggest that he wouldn't do this, he lets his friends go to the devil in their own way, and he does not see himself as being his brother's keeper in in terms of Cain's heresy.

However, in this case he is willing to pursue Hyde to Jekyll's door to kind of investigate the mystery a little bit more.

The same thing can absolutely be true of the will.

When he finds out the contents of the will, and that Jekyll's estate and fortune will be left to Mr. Hyde, he takes direct action to investigate that.

And again, he speaks to others, he uses his wider social circle to see if he can use any of their kind of knowledge or expertise in helping him solve the case, so he speaks to Lanyon.

And again, exactly the same thing with his relation with the police.

So he directly leads the police to Hyde's door in the suspected murder of Carew, so again, this really quite active role that Utterson is taking in the case of Jekyll and Hyde.

However, we could also argue he's being quite willfully ignorant too in this case.

And the things that kind of suggest to me that he's willfully ignorant are as follows.

So he accepts Jekyll's explanation, so he does not put it upon himself to question his friend any further, even when things don't really seem to be adding up.

So a good example of that is the handwriting similarity.

So there is a letter which is purportedly written by Hyde, but Utterson notices the extensive similarity between the two men's handwriting.

However, he does not act on this, again, potentially suggesting he's willfully ignorant.

Again, he is supposedly very, very good friends with Dr.

Jekyll, however he seems to ignore the unethical side of Jekyll's research.

This is something that other characters seem to know and allude to, particularly Dr.

Lanyon.

So this is arguably another example of where Utterson is quite willfully ignorant in the text.

And again, he doesn't open the letters early.

Remember this is an epistolatory novel, which means that part of the narrative is made up of letters.

Utterson refuses to open some of those letters early, even if they could potentially shine more of a light on the case, again, potentially suggesting his kind of willfully ignorant nature.

Okay, so your practise task then is as follows.

So below are several student statements about Mr. Utterson.

Choose one and annotate it with evidence that agrees with it.

Then, in another colour pen, annotate it with evidence that disagrees with it.

So this is a really interesting task that will get you thinking about the role of Utterson, kind of challenging some of your existing thoughts that you may have about this character.

So your student statements are as follows.

So \"Utterson is also a victim of repressive social values, however he responds to this pressure in the opposite way to Jekyll by suppressing his natural impulses.\" \"Utterson is a character who seems reliable and trustworthy, but in more important ways he often lacks integrity.\" And our final student statement is, \"Utterson cares more about reputation than justice.\" So pick one of these statements, complete the task, and then do push Play when you'd like to see some feedback on a statement.

Okay, excellent job on that task.

I really enjoy a task like this when I get to challenge my thinking, and potentially think about some new aspects of a character that I hadn't necessarily thought of before, and I hope you enjoy it too.

What we could say then for the example statement of \"Utterson is a character who seems reliable and trustworthy, but in more important ways he often lacks integrity.\" Some statements from the text that could support this are as follows.

So firstly, he's clearly a respectable and trustworthy character.

He has many friends that trust him, go to him for advice, and seek out his kind of legal advice, and that's certainly true.

But the second part of that statement, we could definitely say Utterson, a lawyer, is willing to ignore certain troubling signs and evidence of wrongdoing in favour of preserving the reputation of his friend Dr.

Jekyll.

Again, he keeps his suspicions to himself, which allow events to unfold.

This would absolutely agree with this student's statement.

And again, despite knowing of Hyde's misdeeds, he refuses to take legal action.

So despite being a lawyer, and supposedly kind of well-informed of the legal system, he does not directly pursue legal action against Hyde.

So he doesn't criticise friends even if they are doing wrong and he lets them go to the devil.

Again, this might suggest a certain lack of integrity from Utterson.

And finally, he associates with morally dubious downgoing men.

Again, once more, something not really in keeping with a character that would have lots and lots of integrity.

So we could flip it, though, we could also disagree with this statement.

And how could we do that? Well, we could do it in the following ways.

We could say Utterson is a loyal friend, he's willing to protect his friend Jekyll at all costs, despite strange and troubling events.

This shows his commitment to personal integrity.

So this kind of statement all hinges on how you tend to define integrity.

If you define it as loyalty to a friend, then potentially he does fit that.

Again, Utterson shows a commitment to confidentiality throughout, showing his professional integrity as a lawyer.

So he doesn't open any of those letters, purely because he's not been told to open them.

Potentially this could show a certain level of integrity for Utterson.

Again, he tries extensively to save his friend Jekyll from what he thinks are evil forces.

He associates with downgoing men to save and help them rather than reject them.

So we could interpret that as a really nice aspect of Utterson's character, that he's trying to save these people, he's trying to reform them in some way, and he's not just kind of hanging around with them because he enjoys the nature of their misdeeds.

And finally, he's genuinely concerned about justice, conducting his own personal investigation into Hyde as a self-appointed Mr. Seek.

So well done if you are able to pick up anything similar in your own work on that task, well done.

Okay, then we've made it to learning cycle two, which is all about reputation and respectability.

So I think these are two really, really important themes to understand the novella, and I think more so than any other character, they do really apply to the character of Utterson.

So let's take a look at that in a bit more detail now.

So towards the beginning of the novella, Enfield uses the following metaphor of a rolling stone in speaking to Utterson.

So in particular he says the following.

He says, \"I feel very strongly about putting questions; it partakes too much of the style or the day of judgement.

You start a question, and it's like starting a stone.

You sit quietly on top of a hill; and away the stone goes, starting others; and presently some bland old bird (the last you would have thought of) is knocked on the head in his own back garden and the family have to change their name.\" So I personally love this quotation, I think this is such a good quotation, understanding the kind of Victorian fascination with reputation, particularly in the novella.

So my questions for you are as follows.

So what does this metaphor refer to? So what is being referred to here by Enfield with this metaphor of the rolling stone? And also what relevance does this have to Victorian society? So what does this tell you about Victorian society? So pause the video, have a quick discussion, and then really looking forward to seeing how you get on with this task.

Okay, nice work on that.

Some really lovely conversations to kick us off with learning cycle three.

And well done to all of you who picked up on this idea that the metaphor of the rolling stone kind of refers to gossip, or bad news, or kind of scandals that are uncovered about members of the kind of Victorian middle and upper classes.

So what Enfield is saying is that if this kind of scandal is uncovered, all of a sudden it becomes like a rolling stone going down a hill, and it just involves more and more people.

He's almost saying that things should be left kind of unquestioned to avoid situations like this.

And then again, in terms of what does this tell us about Victorian society? Well, it certainly tells me that the Victorians are kind of very, very fascinated with reputation and maintaining reputation, even if that might mean kind of overlooking some potentially negative things.

So what we can say is in this quote Enfield is saying that he doesn't like to ask questions even if they are valid in case they expose an individual or family to disgrace.

So this highlights a Victorian sensibility of maintaining propriety and reputation, which I think we see time and time again in the novella.

So well done if that was included in any of your own conversations.

Okay, so a quick check for understanding for us then, please.

So Enfield's metaphor about the rolling stone links to the theme of.

Reputation, well done, absolutely.

It links to the particular Victorian fascination with maintaining reputation, and well done if you're able to identify that.

Okay, so despite being a member of the legal profession with the title of the novella even referencing the word case, Utterson seems more concerned with protecting the reputations of his friends than getting any kind of real legal justice.

And I think this is a really important part of understanding the character of Utterson.

So my question for you then, please, is what does Utterson do to protect the reputation of Jekyll? Pause the video, have a quick discussion, and push Play when you'd like to see some feedback.

You have some really nice conversations taking place there, and I totally agree there are lots of different things that Utterson does to protect Jekyll's reputation.

So let's take a look at what they are.

So the first one that kind of sticks out to me is this idea of of Utterson suspecting Jekyll of being blackmailed.

And it's even alluded to that potentially Jekyll has had some kind of inappropriate relationship.

So Utterson's first concern here isn't revealing the blackmail, he's not concerned about revealing the blackmail, but showing loyalty to Jekyll by protecting his reputation.

Again, Utterson does not make his suspicions known, he sees keeping Jekyll's secrets, so as not to ruin his respectability, a key part of their friendship.

So this idea of secrecy, protecting reputation as being a kind of intrinsic part of being a good Victorian friend.

Again, when he pursues Hyde, Utterson is discreet, he does not want to spread gossip.

And we see this with his conversations with Enfield, and his conversations with Lanyon.

They both kind of skirt around the actual particulars of the gossip, just to protect the reputation of Jekyll.

And again, Utterson confronts Jekyll gently about Hyde so as not to embarrass him, he understands how important reputation and a sense of social propriety are, and he does not want to unduly kind of embarrass Jekyll as a result.

All of this kind of speaks to this idea of Utterson being much more concerned with the reputation of his friends than any kind of real justice associated with Hyde.

Okay, so Chapters 1 to 7 are particularly pertinent for exploring Utterson's commitment to protecting his friend's reputation.

And in particular we've got these quotations on the board.

So the first one is, \"Here is another lesson to say nothing, I am ashamed of my long tongue.

Let us make a bargain never to refer to this again.\" So this is again a really interesting quote, and this comes from Utterson in Chapter 1.

So he has realised Enfield is talking about Jekyll, he has realised there might be some kind of gossip, or some kind of scandal associated with Jekyll.

And it is alluded to that Hyde is blackmailing Jekyll for some caper of his youth.

So rather than address the crime, Utterson is more bothered by his gossiping long tongue.

The pair make a deal not to speak of it any further.

So this is a really good quotation at showing the importance of reputation to Jekyll, to Utterson, and their kind of social circle.

Again, we have this second quote here, which is, \"'God forgive us, God forgive us,' said Utterson.

But Mr. Enfield nodded his head very seriously, and walked on once more in silence.\" So again, what is going on here? Well, this quote comes from Chapter 7.

So both Enfield and Utterson have witnessed the poor state that Jekyll is in.

However, they do not investigate further.

Utterson arguably seeks forgiveness for getting involved in Jekyll's private dealings, which they assume are immoral.

Enfield's approach is to ignore it and keep silent.

So again, even by being confronted by Dr.

Jekyll in a really bad condition, they still have this kind of commitment to reputation.

They don't want to address it, they wanna sweep it under the carpet, and they actually almost ask for forgiveness from God for involving themselves in the first place.

So some really interesting quotations that tell us a lot about their fascination with reputation.

Okay, then we have reached our third and final practise task of today's lesson, and it is as follows.

So I would like you to complete the sentences below about the character of Mr. Utterson.

Those sentences are as follows.

Utterson protects the reputation of his friends because.

Utterson protects the reputations of his friends, but.

Utterson protects the reputations of his friends, so.

So I'm super excited to see how you get on with this, and how you can apply all of your fantastic knowledge to a little bit of writing about Mr. Utterson.

So do pause the video, complete the task, and then push Play when you would like to see some feedback.

Okay, so nice work on that.

Really, really difficult sometimes to actually challenge our thinking in this way, and I'm really excited to see how you have been able to write about Utterson, and potentially the kind of hypocritical side of Utterson as well.

So here are some ideas you may have had to approach this task.

So Utterson protects the reputations of his friends because as a Victorian gentleman, he sees protecting their standing and good character as a key part of his role as their friend.

Utterson protects the reputations of his friends, but remains concerned about the role of Hyde.

He approaches Jekyll discreetly about this to avoid embarrassment.

Utterson protects the reputations of his friends, so he is willing to ignore certain aspects of their character, for example, Jekyll's unethical experiments.

So really well done on that task, and great job if you were able to identify anything similar to what is on the board in front of you now.

Okay then we've made it to the end of the lesson.

So great job to everybody who took part in today's learning, super impressed of all you were able to do and achieve.

So let's remind ourselves of all of these things that we have learned today.

So firstly, the first eight chapters are focalized through Utterson, highlighting the tension between his curiosity and willful ignorance.

The word case in the title links to Utterson's legal profession, yet he is more concerned with reputation than justice.

Stevenson makes us question whether Utterson remains friends with downgoing men out of loyalty or repressed desires.

Chapter 2 is key to understanding Utterson as he is driven by curiosity to pursue Hyde as Mr. Seek.

Chapters 1 and 7 are significant as Utterson chooses to ignore the signs of Jekyll's distress to protect his reputation.

Once again, fantastic work, and all you've been able to achieve in today's lesson, and I really look forward to teaching you on another lesson in this Jekyll and Hyde sequence.

Thank you very much and goodbye.

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