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I can spell words that use the letters 'ch' to make a /k/ sound.

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Licence

This content is © Oak National Academy Limited (2023), licensed on Open Government Licence version 3.0 except where otherwise stated. See Oak's terms & conditions (Collection 2).

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Key learning points

In words of Greek origin, the letter string 'ch' makes the /k/ sound.
How to spell the curriculum words: stomach, important and certain.

Common misconception

Pupils will be familiar with the 'ck' digraph so may spell words containing 'ch' making the /k/ sound incorrectly.

Talk about the origin of words and draw links between spellings containing the 'ch' spelling sounding like the /k/ sound.

Keywords

Etymology - the study of the origin of words and the ways their meanings have changed over time
Spelling - the act of forming words by arranging letters in the correct order
Greek origin - refers to words that come from the Greek language

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Hello and welcome to today's spelling lesson.

I'm Mr. Moss, and I'm really looking forward to teaching you.

With you today, you need to bring your looking eyes, your listening ears, and your thinking brains, as well as that, something to write with and write on and someone or something to talk to would also be excellent.

Right then, let's waste no time, and get right into today's spelling lesson.

In today's spelling lesson, we're going to be spelling words of Greek origin, that use the CH spelling to make a K sound.

The outcome will be, \"I can spell words that use the letters CH to make a K sound.\" Here are the key words for today's learning.

My turn, your turn.

Etymology, spelling, Greek origin.

Brilliant.

So etymology is the study of the origin of words, and the ways their meanings have changed over time.

So we're looking at where words have come from.

Spelling is the act of forming words by arranging letters in the correct order.

The spelling we are looking at today is the CH spelling, and Greek origin refers to words that come from the Greek language.

So, we're spelling words of Greek origin that use CH to make a K sound.

We're going to begin by using the Greek derived CH spelling and looking at some words that contain it.

Then we're going to spell some curriculum words, and finally we're going to get to apply some of the words that we've looked at in today's lesson within a sentence.

I'm really looking forward to that final learning cycle.

Let's get on with using the Greek derived CH spelling, then.

Etymology is a branch of linguistics that studies the origins and history of words.

The origins is where something has come from.

Modern English is a language that has roots in many other languages and not just Greek.

Here's a very simple tree that I've drawn, has English as the branches and as the roots underneath that have helped form modern English, we have many languages such as Hindi, Persian, Celtic, Norse, Germanic, Proto-Indo-European, French, Latin, and Greek.

Today we are gonna be concentrating on words that originate in Greek.

Here you can see the makeup of English.

We have a large section made up from Latin, French and Germanic.

We have about 6% of our language coming from Greek, 6% coming from other languages.

Some of those ones that I've already mentioned, and 4% being proper names, names of places.

We are concentrating on that small sliver, that 6% today, and looking at some examples of words that come and originate from Greek.

Etymologists, so people that study language, people that study where words have come from.

We'll consider the journey a word has been on to reach the point it is at today.

Some words have been on really interesting journeys.

For instance, in Greek you had the word mekhane.

You may recognise this word and think, hmm, what word does this link to in modern English? It's then been fed through Latin to create machina.

Then in French we created machine, and then it's coming to English from French for the word machine and it started being used in English in about the 16th century.

It's been on a very long journey, all the way from Ancient Greek, all the way through to English.

There are many words in the English language that are derived from other languages.

Let's have a look at some.

The word tsunami for instance.

So a large wave comes from Japanese, tsunami.

Algebra comes from Arabic.

Rucksack comes from German.

And Jungle comes from Hindi.

Today we are going to focus on words that have Greek origins.

Listen to these words.

Chemist, so someone who works with chemicals.

Chorus, a part of a song.

Character, like the character in a story.

Chaos.

Chronology, time order.

Scheme, so a system or plan.

I wonder what scheme of work you're using.

And echo, that noise that is reflected back to you.

Finally, technology.

Say those words again for me.

Do you notice something similar in all of them? Pause the video, say them and have a think.

Great, I've noticed that they all contain this CH spelling, but it's not making a che sound is it? It's making a kuh sound.

Chemist, chorus, kuh kuh.

Let's find out more about the following words.

We're gonna look carefully at the word chef, chemist and echo.

Now that word chef doesn't have a hard kuh for that CH, It's making a sh sh sound, isn't it? I wonder if that means it's derived from Greek.

Let's have a look.

Chef is a noun.

It's another way of saying a cook.

This word originates from France.

It has a French origin, but the words chemist and echo where that CH makes kuh kuh, a hard sound.

A chemist is an expert in the field of chemistry.

Let me originate this word from Greek.

Echo is a noun, a repeating of a sound.

It's also originated from Greek.

So the words containing the CH spelling, making a K sound, a kuh sound, originate from the Greek language.

Fill in the blanks in the following sentence.

Words that contain the mm sound spelled CH often have a mm origin.

Fill in the blanks using two from the six below.

Off you go, team.

Brilliant.

Let's see how you've done them.

Words that contain the kuh or K sound spelt CH often have a Greek origin, so derived from Greek.

Let's have a look at some more words.

The words we have here are, my turn, your turn.

Chorus, character.

Ooh, maybe we can predict already we have that CH spelling, making a hard kuh or K sound.

I wonder where they originate from then? The definition of a chorus is a group of people who sing together.

It could also be the part of a song.

This word originates from Greek.

Character is a person in a story and again it originates from Greek.

So we can say here that these words are of Greek origin.

Can you say it for me? Greek origin.

This means they come from Greek.

We call them Greek derived words because they originate from the Greek language.

They've been fed into English from that Greek language.

Remember that diagram I showed you earlier of English being made up of lots of different languages? These words are derived from Greek.

Can you identify the Greek derived words here? Read them, listen out for that CH be making a kuh sound.

Off you go, team.

Great.

Let's read the first one.

It's not kef, it's chef, isn't it? Hmm, that CH there isn't making that hard kuh or K sound is it, it's making a shh sound.

So that is not derived from Greek.

In fact, that word actually is derived from French.

Match, again, CH but it's making a che-che sound, isn't it? That's not derived from Greek.

I can tell you now that that word is actually derived from the Germanic languages.

Let's have a look at the final two.

We have chemist and chorus, our CH there at the beginning of the word.

Ooh those Chs there're making a kuh-kuh K sound, aren't they? Chemist.

Chorus.

So these two words are Greek derived spellings.

Sometimes just seeing the word in a sentence can help you to know whether the spelling looks correct or not.

The kitchen was in a state of chaos, so it was a complete mess.

Pots and pans everywhere.

Which spelling do you think you would use here? Which one looks correct? Select the correct spelling now.

Great, well I don't think kaos with a K-A-O-S looks correct to me.

I think it's going to be one of my Greek derived words.

CH making that K sound chaos.

So this is our correct spelling here.

The colour scheme was bold and bright.

Which looks like the correct spelling of scheme here? Select it now.

Great job, team.

Yep.

It's scheme with that CH for that kuh, K sound, scheme.

The other one didn't look right, did it? Sometimes writing the words out using a variety of different spellings can help us to pick the correct one.

We can look and see which one looks correct.

So I'd like you now to read these sentences and choose the correct spelling in each sentence.

Think about what we've been looking at today, that Greek derived CH spelling.

Off you go, team.

Great job.

The dawn chorus was louder than ever this morning.

Chorus, it's with that CH, that Greek derived chorus.

A group of people singing or a part of a song.

I shouted into the cave and an echo bounced back.

An echo bounced back.

Think about which one looks correct here.

First one doesn't, does it? It's our Greek derived CH, making that kuh K.

Echo, bounce back.

That sound coming back at you, being repeated back at you.

Who is your favourite character? Ooh, it's not going to be just our C on its own, is it? Character is our CH Greek derived spelling, character.

A person in a story.

We are now going to have a go at spelling some words containing the Greek derived CH sound.

I'd like you to just take your time and listen to me and listen out of where we hear that kuh or K sound.

Remember what you've learned today.

So, the first word is chemist.

The chemist mixed the chemicals.

Number two, chaos.

The kitchen was in complete chaos.

Number three, scheme.

What scheme of work are you using or are you plotting a scheme? Number four, chorus.

The chorus sang beautifully, and number five, echo.

The echo bounced off the walls.

I'll say this one more time for you.

Chemist, chaos, scheme, chorus, echo.

Off you go, team.

Great job.

Amazing spelling.

Really good job sounding the words out and also considering which ones look correct and checking back through them.

So the first word was chemist.

Now remember today we're looking at that Greek derived CH, making that kuh or K, chemist.

Ch-e-m-ist, chemist.

This one here, C-H-E-M-I-S-T.

It's a Greek derived word.

Then we have chaos, that complete and utter disarray.

Chaos, is that a-o-s, chaos, proceeded by that CH Greek derived chaos.

The next word was scheme.

This is E-M-E, okay, it's our split E there, scheme.

So scheme here we have our S, our CH for that K.

It's a Greek derived word.

This is our correct spelling.

The next word was chorus, kuh kuh.

So our CH is gonna come at the beginning, or, O-R-U-S, chorus, that group of people singing.

And echo, that sound that bounces back.

Echo, e-ch-o.

Echo.

How did we do here? E-C-H-O.

These are all Greek derived words.

So they have that CH in them making that kuh or K sound.

Great job.

We are now going to move on to spelling some curriculum words.

Let's read the following words.

Stomach.

Ooh, listen to that word, stomach.

Sounds like it might be one of our Greek derived words.

Certain, I'm certain you are right.

And important.

She was a very important person.

What do you notice about the spellings? Pause the video and have a think.

Great, well I've noticed a few things.

In stomach, really interestingly, the O spelling here makes an ah sound, doesn't it? St-ah-mach and it ends in a what sounds like a K or a kuh, but it's our CH.

This word is actually a Greek derived word.

In the word certain, we have our soft C at the beginning here followed by our vowel letter E.

Certain sounds like a ss-ss.

In this word the letter A-I don't make a long A sound here at the end.

It sounds like certain, uhn, but it's an A-I spelling that's not making a long A sound, so be careful.

Then in important, you have three syllables, important.

(hands clapping) It can be really helpful to say the word as it is spelt, im-port-ant, (hands clapping) to help us remember the spelling so we make sure we include all of those syllables.

Can you select the correct spelling for this sentence? Are you certain the sun will shine tomorrow? Select the correct spelling now.

Great.

Remember what's tricky about this word? It's the soft C cer and it's A-I spelling but not making an A sound, certain, is this one here, C-E-R-T-A-I-N.

Great job if you got that right.

Which of these words are spelled correctly? Important, point to it now.

Great.

Remember, important.

(hands clapping) It can really help to break the word down.

I-M-P-O-R-T-A-N-T.

There's a port and an ant in important.

And finally stomach, our Greek derived word, which is the correct spelling? Point to it now.

Great, stomach.

Remember it's that O spelling for that ah.

And at the end 'cause it's Greek derived CH making that kuh K, stomach.

Brilliant, team.

So because these are curriculum words and they're going to appear with such great regularity in our reading and writing, it's really important we're confident with spelling them.

So we're gonna take some time now to practise them using our strategy.

Look, cover, write, check.

This is where you look carefully each of the words and consider what's difficult about it.

I look at stomach.

I've got my O and my CK that I know I need to, a CH, sorry, that I need to remember for that K sound.

So I cover it up then, S-T-O-M-A-C-H, I write it really neat using my best cursive script and then I check back to see how I did.

I got it correct, but I don't just stop there.

I have a go at writing it out a number of times using that look, cover, write, check strategy.

This really embeds that spelling into my long-term memory.

Use that strategy now to practise stomach, certain and important.

Off you go, team.

Great job.

Really good work.

So I'm hoping you've got 'em written out correctly like this.

Remember to always look really carefully at each word you're practising to consider what's difficult about it.

Do you have any corrections to make now? Share your learning with me and those around you and make those corrections if you have some to make.

Off you go, team.

Onto our final learning cycle then, which is applying spellings within a sentence.

We are going to have a go writing a sentence now that contains some of our focus spellings.

So some of those words that are Greek derived with that CH.

When we write the sentence, we have to do several things at once.

So listen carefully.

We need to remember the whole sentence.

We need to sound out each word.

We need to think of the spelling rules we've looked at.

We also need to look up those common exception curriculum words.

So think about those words we've looked at today such as stomach and important, and remember our sentence punctuation, capital letters, full stops and any other punctuation.

So I'm going to read a sentence to you now.

I'd like you to just listen to the sentence, use your incredible hearing and hold the sentence in your head as I read it.

Don't start writing yet.

Listen very carefully.

The chemist devised an important scheme to study the character of certain compounds.

The chemist divised, so he came up with, an important scheme to study the character of certain compounds.

So remember, chemist is an expert in chemicals and he's looking at different compounds here, the different parts that make up different chemicals.

So I'll read it one more time.

The chemist devised an important scheme to study the character of certain compounds.

Make sure we sound out each word.

Remember to look out for those common exception words.

Remember to check your sentence punctuation.

We're gonna use some strategies now to help us remember the sentence.

Listen to me one more time.

The chemist devised an important scheme to study the character of certain compounds.

Repeat the sentence several times out loud.

The chemist devised an important scheme to study the character of certain compounds.

The next is to picture what's happening in your head.

A person, a chemist coming up with that scheme, devising that idea to study the character of compounds.

Perhaps you're gonna imagine them in an laboratory.

As I read it, picture what's happening in your head.

The chemist devised an important scheme to study the character of certain compounds.

I wonder what you pictured there.

And finally, we can count how many words there are.

The chemist devised an important scheme to study the character of certain compounds.

I make that 13.

Let's make sure you don't miss any of those words out.

So you're gonna have a go now sounding out each word, and looking out for these common exception words.

And don't forget your sentence punctuation.

I'm gonna read the sentence to you one more time.

You're gonna write it, team.

The chemist devised an important scheme to study the character of certain compounds.

Pause the video, off you go.

Fantastic job.

Brilliant.

Check your work now and make any corrections.

The chemist, it's that K, isn't it? That hard sound there.

Chemist.

CH spelling though, chemist, ch-e-m-ist.

It's not chemist.

Devised, so came up with, an important, important, (hands clapping) there's a portant and an important, that curriculum word.

Scheme, again, ss, kuh-kuh-kuh.

It's that CH Greek derived spelling and E-M-E, to study the character.

Again, CH Greek derived, character, of certain, certain.

Watch out for that word.

Soft C this time, cer, followed by that E vowel letter, E-R-T.

And it's not an A, it's not certain, but it's an A-I spelling, certain.

Compounds.

Brilliant.

And don't forget your full stop, of course.

What did you learn here? How did you get on with our Greek derived words? Remember, chemist, scheme and character are all derived from Greek.

And important and certain are those curriculum words that we need to really watch out for.

Make any corrections, share and match for mistakes, off you go.

Great job in spelling today, team.

Remember, many words in the English language come from other languages.

And today we've been concentrating on words derived from Greek.

The letters CH can make a K sound or a kuh sound.

Watch out for those words.

See if you can spot any of them in your reading.

I'll see you again soon.

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