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I can spell words with the suffixes -ent and -ence for the sounds 'unt' and 'unce'.

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Licence

This content is © Oak National Academy Limited (2023), licensed on Open Government Licence version 3.0 except where otherwise stated. See Oak's terms & conditions (Collection 2).

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Key learning points

The -ent and -ence suffixes generally come after a soft 'c', soft 'g' and 'qu'.
Words ending in -ent sometimes have related words where the ‘e’ vowel sound is clearer, like resident - residential.
Changing the suffix -ent to the suffix -ence or -ency can change the word from an adjective to an abstract noun.
How to spell the curriculum words: hindrance, excellent and relevant.

Common misconception

Some pupils may think all words ending in -ent are the same word class.

Whilst the suffixes -ent and -ence can change word class, not all words ending in -ent are the same word class. Give examples in a sentence to demonstrate, using the words contentment, (to) frequent, and silent.

Keywords

Suffix - a letter or group of letters added to the end of a word to change its meaning
Root word - the base word from which other words are formed often by adding prefixes or suffixes
Noun - a naming word for a person, place or thing
Abstract noun - a type of noun that names an idea or quality that cannot be seen
Adjective - describes a noun

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Hello, and welcome to today's spelling lesson.

I'm Mr. Moss.

I love spelling, and I'm really looking forward to teaching you today.

With you today, you'll need to bring your looking eyes, your listening ears, and your thinking brains, obviously, as well as something to write with and write on, which will be really, really helpful and useful.

Right, let's not waste any more time.

Let's get into today's spelling lesson.

In this spelling lesson, we're going to be spelling words with the suffixes E-N-T and E-N-C-E.

The outcome will be, I can spell words with the suffixes E-N-T and E-N-C-E for the sounds unt and unce.

Here are the key words for today's learning.

My turn.

Your turn.

Suffix, root word, noun, abstract noun, and adjective.

So a suffix is a letter or group of letters added to the end of a word to change its meaning.

The root word is the base word from which other words are formed often by adding prefixes or suffixes.

A noun is a naming word for a person, place, or thing.

An abstract noun is a type of noun that names an idea or quality that couldn't be seen.

And an adjective describes the noun, tells you what it's like.

So today we're gonna be adding some suffixes, a variety of suffixes to the ends of root words, and it's gonna change the word class of those words.

So that's why we're looking at nouns, abstract nouns, and adjectives, and they're going to really important today.

So those suffixes that we're gonna be looking at adding today are E-N-T and E-N-C-E.

And we're gonna begin today's lesson, the first learning cycle, by using the suffix E-N-T, and then we're gonna link the suffixes, E-N-T, E-N-C-E, and E-N-C-Y.

We're gonna have a final learning cycle of spelling some curriculum words.

So let's get on with using that suffix E-N-T then.

Let's read some words that contain a variety of suffixes.

Brilliant, (Moss lightly coughs) significant, hesitant, elegant, different.

Be careful there with the E, before the R-E-N-T.

Excellent, convenient, and present.

So all of these words end in either the E-N-T or A-N-T suffixes.

These endings can sound the same, but they're spelled differently.

The ending can be pronounced unt.

I's not very clear whether it's A-N-T or E-N-T, is it? So we can use some rules today to help us figure out which spelling to use.

Choosing the right ending, then, when spelling is not easy as they sound the same and are often unstressed.

There are some clues that can help us then to decide the correct spelling to use.

Either A-N-T or E-N-T.

Words ending in E-N-T are often found with a soft c or a soft g, whereas words ending in A-N-T are found after a hard c or a hard g.

So here we have magnificent, soft c, so it's E-N-T.

Decent, soft c, so it's E-N-T.

Diligent, soft g, so it's E-N-T.

On the other hand, the word significant, k, k, hard c, so A-N-T.

Decant, hard c, so, A-N-T.

And elegant, hard g, so A-N-T.

So what sound can you hear before either the A-N-T or E-N-T ending? Is it a soft c or hard c? Soft g or hard g? And you're gonna choose from a, b, c, or d.

Read this word for me now.

Yeah, it's intelligent.

Does it have a soft c, a hard c, a soft g, or a hard g before our suffix? Choose the correct answer now.

Brilliant.

Intelligent, j, j.

It's a soft g, hence why we have the E-N-T suffix.

Read this word for me.

Brilliant.

It's applicant.

So here, k, k.

Ooh, what can you hear? Choose from a, b, c, or d.

Off you go.

Great job.

Applicant.

It's a hard c, hence why we have the A-N-T suffix.

Read this word for me.

Excellent.

It's urgent.

Choose from a, b, c, or d now.

Off you go.

Great job.

So it's a soft g, urgent, hence why we had the E-N-T.

This word is decent.

Say that for me.

Decent.

Choose from a, b, c, or d now.

Off you go.

Yeah, if I listen to that word decent, s, s.

It's a soft c, hence why we have that E-N-T ending there.

So the E-N-T spelling is also found often after Q-U.

Frequent, subsequent.

This is true of the related words and spellings too.

Frequency, subsequently.

Many words end in E-N-T, but as part of the suffix, M-E-N-T too.

Enjoyment, management, document.

The suffix M-E-N-T is a noun suffix as it creates nouns and abstract nouns.

Words ending in E-N-T may have a related word in which you can hear the E sound more clearly.

Torrent, torrential, e, e.

You can clearly hear that E, e, e sound, can't you? Confident, confidential, e, e, ential.

You can hear that e there, can't you? Resident, residential, e, e.

So thinking about these linked words can help us to know that the words torrent, confident, and resident who sound like unt are spelled E-N-T.

Thinking of the related word can help us then.

So with those rules or those slight rules with the things that we just looked at in mind, can you choose the correct spelling of the words here? Off you go.

(Moss gulps) Brilliant.

(coughs) So the first word is potent, saying that's strong.

Potent, E-N-T.

The next one is accident.

Again, sounds like unt, but it's the E-N-T spelling.

One of the reasons we know this is in the linked words potential or accidental.

Then we can clearly hear potential, e, e.

Acciden, e, e, tal.

So be careful there.

You can clearly hear the Es.

So we know it's E-N-T in both potent and accident.

Then we have frequently.

Remember our rules here? The E-N-T spelling often comes after Q-U.

When there is an obvious root word, some familiar spelling patterns are used when adding the suffix E-N-T, and I'm sure you'll recognise many of these suffix patterns.

We can just add the suffix.

So different here, consistent here.

We can double the consonant, then add the suffix.

Excellent, repellent.

So double L, and then E-N-T.

There is this pattern too, removing the E and then adding the suffix.

Preside becomes president, reside becomes resident, someone who lives or resides somewhere.

Urge becomes urgent.

Many suffix spelling rules apply to a wide range of suffixes, so use that knowledge to help you.

However, there are also examples of words that do not follow any of the patterns and that we just need to learn.

For example, obedient.

Okay, saying that follows orders and rules and obeys.

Independent.

So could you choose the correct spelling of the words here? Think about the rules that we have looked at.

Off you go.

Excellent.

So subsequent.

Remember that Q-U, E-N-T often comes after it.

Then we have torrent, it's gonna be E-N-T.

And confident is also going to be E-N-T, and I know this because torrential and confidential have that e, e, that E more clearly heard, don't they? So for our practise tasks right now, I'd like you to underline the correct spelling of these commonly used words.

Let's read through them first.

Servant, frequent, arrogant, excellent, violent, restaurant, torrent, expectant, assistant, evident, innocent, magnificent, brilliant, and urgent.

Now, use the clues that we've covered so far in this learning cycle to help you.

Consider, does the word have a hard or soft c or g? Does the end follow Q-U? Is there a related word where you can hear the vowel clearly? You might also just want to consider which looks right to you as you may have seen them before, and they may not follow any clear and obvious rules.

So pause the video now.

Underline the correct spellings.

Off you go.

Brilliant job, team.

Really, really impressed.

So let's check and see how you've done.

The first one was servant, A-N-T.

Frequent.

Frequently is a linked word here, frequency as well, E-N-T.

Remember, it likes to follow that Q-U.

Arrogant, hard g, so A-N-T.

Excellent.

That's that reword excel.

We've doubled the L and then added our E-N-T.

Violent.

Linked word there is violence.

Restaurant.

It's a tricky word.

Watch out for the A-U before the R, and then the A-N-T.

It's one we just need to learn.

Then we had torrent.

Torrential is a linked there where you can more clearly hear the e, e, the E.

Expectant, A-N-T.

Linked word, expectation, where you can clearly hear that A.

Assistant, A-N-T.

Evident.

Evidential is a linked word where you can more clearly hear that E.

Innocent, soft c, so E-N-T.

Magnificent, soft c, so E-N-T.

Brilliant, that I-A-N-T.

Urgent with a root word urge, we've removed E and then added our E-N-T suffix.

Which spellings did you know and which were more difficult? You have the opportunity to practise these in the next learning cycle.

Keeping track of what you find more difficult is also really important.

You could take more responsibility, independence for your learning and practise those spellings more.

Make any corrections now and see how you did.

Onto our next learning cycle then, which is linking the suffixes E-N-T, E-N-C-E, and E-N-C-Y to the learning that we've just done.

So let's read some words that contain a variety of suffixes now.

Innocence, decency, frequency, confidence, obedience, independence, fluency, and consistency.

So all of these words end in the suffixes E-N-C-E or E-N-C-Y.

They are abstract nouns, that key word that came up at the beginning of this lesson.

Abstract nouns, remember, are a type of thing, but they have no physical form.

The suffixes, N-E double S-S, I-T-Y, T-I-O-N tion, A-N-C-E, A-N-C-Y can also create abstract nouns such as happiness, equality, education, abundance, and vacancy.

Now, quite often ideas.

All of these words have a related word ending in E-N-T that you may recognise in the previous learning cycle.

Innocence has innocent.

Decency has decent.

Frequency has frequent.

Confidence has confident.

Obedience has obedient.

Independence has independent.

Fluency has fluent.

And consistency has consistent.

All in that E-N-T.

So the link here is if we know our E-N-Ts, we know our E-N-C-Es and E-N-C-Ys, there's a link there.

So changing the E-N-T suffix to E-N-C-E or E-N-C-Y suffix can change the word from an adjective, with our E-N-T, to a noun, with our E-N-C-E or E-N-C-Y.

So, the boy was congratulated for his excellent work.

The word excellent here is an adjective.

It's describing the boy's work, which is a noun.

Remember, an adjective describes a noun, but if I changed that now to, he demonstrated excellence throughout the day.

So no longer excellent, but excellence with our E-N-C-E.

The word excellence is an abstract noun.

It is the name of an idea, a quality.

The quality of being excellent.

So with that in mind, which word class are fluent and fluency? Read the sentences and see if you can figure it out.

Great.

Maria is a fluent Spanish speaker.

The word fluent is an adjective here.

It's describing Maria, who is the noun.

It is important to achieve fluency in our times tables.

Fluency here with our E-N-C-Y is an abstract noun.

It means the state of being fluent.

So the suffixes here have changed the word class.

Just as it can be hard to tell a difference between E-N-T and A-N-T.

It's also the same with our E-N-C-E, A-N-C-E, or E-N-C-Y and A-N-C-Y.

The end of innocence and tolerance can both sound like unce.

The ends of decency and hesitancy, or they spoke differently here, both sound like uncy.

Luckily, our knowledge and that knowledge that we built from the previous learning cycle of the spelling of related words can help us to make informed decisions with these new and tricky spellings.

So words ending in E-N-T are often found after a soft c or a soft g, whilst words ending in A-N-T come after a hard c or hard g.

So innocent and intelligent, soft c, soft g.

Significant, elegant, hard c, hard g, so A-N-T.

The same principle that applies to the suffixes we're looking at in this learning cycle in more detail.

Innocence, intelligence, decency, so soft c, soft g, so it's our E-N-C-E and E-N-C-Y.

And you've guessed it.

Significance, elegance, vacancy.

Hard c, hard g, so A-N-C-E and A-N-C-Y.

So what sound can you hear before our suffixes? Do you hear soft c, hard c, soft g, hard g? Read this word for me, arrogance, and choose the correct sound.

Brilliant.

Yeah, absolutely.

We have here a hard g, hence why it's our A-N-C-E ending.

Urgency.

Absolutely.

We here have a soft g, so that's why it's our E-N-C-Y.

Vacancy.

Fantastic.

We have here a hard c, hence why it's the A-N-C-Y, and there's a linked word there, vacant, which would be A-N-T as well, so that hard c.

Significance.

Brilliant.

We have here a hard c, so it's the A-N-C-E.

Again, linked word, significant, would be A-N-T.

Magnificence.

Great.

So soft c, hence why we have the E-N-C-E.

Diligence.

Can hear there the j, j, so it's a soft g, hence why we have the E-N-C-E.

So just as the E-N-T spelling is found after Q-U, so too are the related words and spellings.

Frequent, subsequent, frequency, subsequently.

Hence why they're the E-N-C-Y and E-N-T-L-Y.

The E-N-C-Y spelling comes after Q-U.

So just like words ending in E-N-T, words ending in E-N-C or E-N-C-Y may have a related wording which you can hear that e or the E sound more clearly.

Confidence, confidential.

Residence, residential.

Presidency, presidential.

So you know it's that E, you more clearly hear that.

Thinking of the related word can help us to choose the correct spelling.

So with all of those rules that we've looked at in the previous learning cycle and this learning cycle, can you now have a go choosing the correct spelling of the word for me? Off you go.

Incredible job, team.

I'm really impressed and some great reasoning being given there as well.

So the first one was substance.

It's our A-N-C-E.

Residence.

It's E-N-C-E.

And here, in linked words, I can hear the A clearly in substantial, and I can hear the E clearly in residential, so that helps me to know that one is A-N-C-E and one is E-N-C-E.

We then have frequency.

It's gonna be my E-N-C-Y because I know that the E-N-C-Y spelling, just like the E-N-T spelling comes after the Q-U very often.

So, choose the correct spelling of the word for me again.

Remember all of those rules, off you go.

Very impressive, team.

So magnificence.

Ooh, s, s.

I know it's going to be E-N-C-E because of the soft c.

Then we had potency.

It's gonna be E-N-C-Y.

And we had observance, A-N-C-E.

Now, I can hear the E clearly in potential, that linked word to potency.

And I can hear the A in observation, that linked word to observance.

So for our practise task now, what we are going to do is have a go at spelling some words that contain the suffixes that we've been looking at.

Remember to sound out the word.

Think of the spelling rules that we've looked at today.

Read the word and check as well.

Often considering what looks right helps as well.

So the first word is innocent.

Innocent until proven guilty.

Number two is frequency.

I tuned in to the correct frequency on the radio.

Number three is fluent.

She's a fluent Spanish speaker.

Number four is confidence.

And number five is obedience.

The well-trained dog showed good obedience.

So innocent, frequency, fluent, confidence, obedience.

Off you go, team.

Unbelievable work.

I'm so impressed.

This is quite tricky, isn't it? They sound very similar to each other, but I can see you're really applying the rules that we've been looking at, and you've really been picking up some of the spellings as we've been going along.

So the first one was innocent.

It's gonna be E-N-T.

The next one was frequency.

Now, remember, we know with frequency, like frequent, E-N-T, it's gonna be E-N-C-Y because it likes to come after that QU.

And with innocent, we know it's E-N-T because there was that soft c.

Fluent is the next one.

The linked words here are fluency and fluently.

It's that E-N-T.

Then we had confidence.

(Moss gulps) Confidently is a linked word here.

It's gonna be our E-N-C-E.

Confidential is a linked word where you can clearly hear that it's an E.

Then we had obedience, and this is one that we just need to learn.

Linked to the word obedient, obediently, obedience.

It's I-E-N-C-E.

Great.

How did you do there? Do you have any corrections to make? Share your learning and make those corrections now.

Off you go.

And then onto our final learning cycle, which is spelling curriculum words.

Let's read the following curriculum words.

Hindrance, excellent, relevant, with our A-N-T there.

So we had E-N-T in excellent, A-N-T, irrelevant, and our A-N-C-E that we've been looking at in hindrance.

Do you notice anything maybe tricky about these words? Read them again.

Look at the spelling compared to how they sound.

Do you think there might be anything difficult about remembering them? Pause the video and have a think.

Lovely job.

So I've noticed a few things here.

Hindrance is a noun of the verb hinder.

There is no E in the word hindrance, although it can sometimes sound like it, and it ends in our A-N-C-E suffix.

The root word of excellent is excel.

You must double that final consonant before adding our E-N-T suffix, like we've looked at in the previous learning cycle.

Relevant has the A-N-T spelling, it has the related word relevance.

Saying the word how it is spelt can help us to remember it.

Rel-e-vant.

So which of these words that we've just read are spelt correctly? Point to the correct spelling of hindrance.

Brilliant.

Absolutely, it's a link to that word hinder.

But remember, we don't have the E and it's that A-N-C-E at the end there.

Hindrance.

If you hinder someone, you stop them from being able to do what they should be able to do.

If you're a hindrance, you're getting in someone's way.

Excellent.

Think about what the root word was here.

Point to it now.

Excellent job.

So excel was our root word.

E-X-C-E-L.

We double the L and then add our E-N-T suffix.

And the final one, relevant.

Brilliant.

It's our A-N-T that we have at the end there.

Remember, saying this like it looks can help.

Rel-e-vant.

So because these are curriculum words, we want to be confident with reading and spelling and writing them.

So we're gonna practise them now using a really great independent strategy called the look, cover, write, check strategy.

This works by looking carefully at the word and what's perhaps difficult about it, with hindrance is the fact that we don't have an E there, but we do have A-N-C-E at the end.

I look at it, I put it to my memory, I then cover it.

That's the cover part.

So we've done look, we've done cover.

I now write it in my niece's handwriting and then check back.

Oh, I spelled it correctly, but I don't just stop there, just 'cause I spelled it correctly once.

I use the look, cover, write, and check a number of times to really embed it into my long-term memory.

So I'd like you to use this strategy now to practise these three words a number of times.

Off you go, team.

Excellent job.

Really, really impressed.

So I'm hoping that you've managed to use this great independent strategy to practise these words.

Did you manage to spell them correctly? Remember, the checking back is really important and making any corrections is too, and learning from those mistakes and doing better next time.

So check right now, make any corrections, and share your learning.

Off you go.

Great job in spelling stage C.

We've been spelling words with the suffixes E-N-T and E-N-C-E.

The E-N-T, E-N-C-E, or E-N-C-Y spellings may be found after a soft c, soft g, or Q-U.

The suffixes E-N-C-E or E-N-C-Y can create abstract nouns.

Words ending in the E-N-T sometimes have related words where the e vowel or E vowel sound is clearer, like resident and residential.

You can clearly hear that en, e, e.

The letters E-N-T can also be found in the noun suffix M-E-N-T.

We just need to learn how to spell many words ending in E-N-T as there may not be a rule or pattern to help us.

Keep up the great spelling and I'll see you again soon.

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