Dissolving | Science | Quizalize & Oak National Academy

Starter quiz

Which of the following statements is true of a solution?

It has particles that are visible to the naked eye.

It is made of two or more substances mixed evenly at the particle level. ✓

It separates into layers when left standing.

It can only be made with liquids.
Arrange the following states of substances based on their increasing ability to flow, starting with the state that cannot flow.

1

⇔

Substances in the solid state.

2

⇔

Substances in the liquid state.

3

⇔

Substances in the gas state.
______ is the ability of a substance to dissolve in a solvent.

'solubility' ✓
Match the term with its description.

Solvent

⇔

A substance into which a solute dissolves. ✓

Solute

⇔

A substance that has dissolved into a solvent. ✓

Solution

⇔

When a solute and solvent combine, this is formed. ✓

Soluble

⇔

When a solute dissolves, it is described as this. ✓
What happens to the total mass of substances that are mixed together?

They lose mass.

They gain mass.

Their total mass stays the same. ✓

Their total mass is halved.
What is the term for the random motion of particles suspended in a medium?

'brownian motion' ✓

Why is a suspension not considered a solution?

It has a fixed melting point.

Solid particles are visible and can settle. ✓

It changes state over a range of temperatures.

It contains impurities.
Match the term with its characteristic.

Solubility

⇔

Ability to dissolve in a solvent. ✓

Dissolving

⇔

Overcoming forces of attraction between solvent particles. ✓

Melting

⇔

Changing from a solid to a liquid state. ✓
Dissolving is not the same as melting, but both are ______ processes.

'physical' ✓
Why is it incorrect to say that every substance can be dissolved in a solvent?

Lack of stirring.

Differences in solubility. ✓

High temperature.

Presence of impurities.
During the dissolving process, why does a solute dissolve in a solvent?

Solute-solvent forces of attraction are weaker than solute-solute.

The solute particles are larger than the solvent particles.

Solute-solvent forces of attraction are stronger than solute-solute. ✓

The solute particles do not collide with the solvent particles.
Why might the total volume of a mixture be less than the sum of the volumes of its individual components?

Evaporation occurs.

Particles fit into spaces between each other. ✓

Chemical reaction reduces volume.

Measurement error.

Some solvent is spilled when forming the mixture.

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Suspensions are not solutions, as solid particles can be seen, and eventually will settle over time.
Forces of attraction between solute particles have to be overcome for something to dissolve.
In a mixture, one particle may fit into spaces between another type, making the total volume less than expected.
Not every substance can be dissolved (is soluble) in a solvent.
Dissolving is not the same as melting, but both are physical processes.

Forces of attraction are broken when a substance dissolves.

Forces of attraction are *overcome*. They are still acting between the particles, but weaker than before so a different particle arrangement

Dissolve - Occurs when a substance's particles separate and spread throughout the particles of a solvent resulting in it no longer being seen.
Insoluble - If a substance does not dissolve in a particular solvent, it is described as insoluble.
Melting - Melting occurs when a substance in the solid state is heated and its particles move into the arrangement of a substance in the liquid state.
Force of attraction - A force of attraction is a pulling force that keeps things, such as particles, close together.
Suspension - A mixture of an insoluble solid and liquid in which the solid particles are dispersed in the liquid and settle upon the mixture standing.