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I can explain what an explorer is.

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Licence

This content is © Oak National Academy Limited (2023), licensed on Open Government Licence version 3.0 except where otherwise stated. See Oak's terms & conditions (Collection 2).

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Key learning points

Explorers often travel to places that are unknown to them.
Humans have always moved around and explored new places.
Humans explored to find new places to live, new survival essentials, or to escape danger.
Some early explorers used very early types of boats like the hollowed out Pesse Canoe.

Common misconception

Pupils may think that explorers always use a map.

Early explorers did not have maps. They often used natural features to navigate by such as rivers.

Keywords

Explore - to explore is to travel somewhere to discover or search for something
Hollow - early boats were hollow because they had an empty space inside them
Canoe - a canoe is a narrow boat that is propelled with a paddle

Content guidance

Contains subject matter which individuals may find upsetting.
Contains conflict or violence.

Supervision

Adult supervision suggested.

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Hello, I'm Ms. Roberts, and I'm here to start the first lesson in this history unit which is all about significant explorers and how seafaring has changed over time.

All of the explorers that you will meet in this unit are seafarers.

This means that they travel on water.

Today, we are going to find out how very early humans first began to travel and explore the world.

By the end of this lesson, you will be able to explain what an explorer is and talk about how early explorers travelled.

Some of this learning is brand new today, but don't worry.

I'm here to help you.

Let's start by looking at some keywords that you will be using in this lesson.

Listen to me and then repeat the words.

Let's go.

Explore.

Repeat.

Good job.

Hollow.

Your turn.

Well done.

The last word, canoe.

You try.

Great work.

Listen carefully while I say them one more time for you.

Our keywords are explore, hollow and canoe.

You might not know what those words mean right now, but you will use them in the lesson, so don't worry.

I'm here to help you with new learning.

There are two parts in this lesson today, and we are going to begin by asking, what is an explorer? We're going to go right back to the very earliest humans now and think about why they were exploring.

Lucas and Andeep are talking about what they think an explorer is.

Lucas says that explorers are people who travel to places they have never been before.

\"Yes, that's right,\" says Andeep.

\"Anybody can be an explorer.

I love to explore new places!\" I like to explore new places too.

Do you? I'm sure it was very exciting to explore a new place when you first started school.

Aisha is telling Sofia that ever since history began, human beings have always wanted to move around and explore new places, and Sofia is wondering why.

\"I wonder why,\" she says, \"humans have always moved around.

Why did the early explorers want to explore new places?\" Shall we answer her question? Humans, just like all animal species, have essential survival needs.

To survive, all humans need to eat food every day.

They also need to drink water.

So early humans went hunting for fish or animals to eat.

They also ate some plants, such as fruits and leaves.

If a place they were staying had no food and no water, humans would have to move until they found a place that did have those things.

Humans also need a shelter, a place to live, somewhere to keep them warm when it's cold.

The only way to keep warm or to cook the food that they hunted was by using an open fire.

So humans also needed a large supply of wood to burn as fuel.

They could also use the wood to make their shelters and give themselves some protection from the weather.

Safety is another very important part of survival.

Humans needed to look out for potential dangers around them.

In the times before buildings existed, humans lived in the wild alongside all the other animals that live there too, and just as humans need food to eat, so do those animals, and some of them wanted to eat the humans.

So if there was danger from wild animals, humans would have to quickly pack up and move to a new safer location.

They were the main reasons why early explorers moved from place to place.

Let's just pause for a minute and check what we have learned.

What is the main reason why most early explorers moved around? I'm going to read four options.

You choose if it is true or not.

So you're going to find the one main reason.

Did early explorers move around to have a holiday in a different place? Did early explorers move around to find food, water, warmth or safety? Did early explorers move around to make new friends or to visit their family? Or did the early explorers move around to get some exercise and stay fit? Ready? Who gives a thumbs up to statement b? Well done.

Statement b is indeed the main reason why most early humans explored new places, to find food, water, warmth or safety.

The others are all nice reasons to move.

We like having holidays and making new friends and of course staying fit and healthy, but none of those are essential for survival, and for early humans, exploring was all about surviving.

Let's do a creative activity together now.

Make sure you have a pencil and paper and maybe things to colour with.

We've been talking about all the things that humans need to survive.

They need water.

They need shelter.

They need food, and they need safety.

You are going to pause the video in a moment and take some time to draw pictures of what those things mean to you.

Maybe you could draw the things you most like to eat or you could draw a picture of your shelter, your home.

When you have finished your drawings, talk to a partner.

Talk about which of those needs you think is the most important and say why.

Remember, your partner might think differently to you, and that is okay.

Pause the video now to complete the activity.

All done? Great.

Let's look at some examples.

Here are Lucas and Andeep talking about what they did.

Lucas says, \"I think food is the most important because we need to eat every day to be healthy.

I drew an apple!\" Do you like apples? Andeep thinks differently to Lucas.

Andeep says, \"That's true, but in the past, I think shelter was very important too.

People didn't have houses like we do.\" I think they're both right.

How about you? Let's move to the second part of our lesson now.

We're going to think about how those early human explorers travelled.

Look at the family in this picture.

This is a group of early humans who are walking from one place to another.

Humans often travelled big distances in family groups in search of those places to live with their essential survival needs.

Travelling by walking took a long time.

There were often heavy things to carry, and it could be dangerous.

These journeys were particularly difficult and very tiring for young humans.

Early explorers did not have maps to follow, so instead they often walked alongside rivers.

Soon they realised that they could travel quicker if they could travel on the water.

This idea led to the invention of the earliest known boat called a canoe.

Canoes were made by taking a tree trunk and carving out the inside to make it hollow.

As they are made from tree trunks, early canoes were very long and very narrow.

They are propelled, they are made to move, by a human standing or sitting in the hollow space pushing a paddle through the water to make the canoe move.

You can see the person standing in the canoe in the picture.

We know that early explorers used boats like these because of the Pesse canoe.

This picture shows you the Pesse canoe.

It is over 10,000 years old.

It is so old that it is the oldest known boat in the world.

Wow.

The Pesse canoe was found in 1955 in a country called the Netherlands.

It was found when they were digging up some land to build a new motorway.

I bet this isn't what they were expecting to find.

Look closely at the picture.

Can you see how the canoe still looks like a tree trunk? Well done for listening so well to all that information.

Let's check our learning.

Here are some pictures of different types of transport.

Which two of these types of transport were used by early explorers? We have a foot for walking in picture a.

We have a bicycle in picture b, and we have a canoe in picture c.

Which of those do you think were used by the early explorers? Let's see some hands up.

Hands up anyone who thinks the answer is a, walking.

I do too.

Early explorers walked a lot.

They walked in family groups across great distances from place to place.

Hmm.

How about b, a bicycle? Did those early humans use bicycles? No.

No, they didn't.

Bikes were not invented until much later.

So that means it's hands up for option c, the canoe.

We know that those early human explorers actually invented these canoes.

They were the first ever boats, and they were made from hollow tree trunks.

Great work.

There we go.

A and c are our correct answers.

Well done.

Now we're going to move on and have a look at the key words that we learned at the start of the lesson.

Do you remember them? Well, now that we've used them all, let's check that we know what they mean.

Here are the key words and the definitions.

Pause the video and match each word to the correct definition.

Are you ready? Here's the answers.

Let's check.

Our first word is explore.

When we explore, it means we travel somewhere to discover or search for something.

Our next word is canoe.

A canoe is a narrow boat that is propelled with a paddle, and finally, hollow.

Hollow is something that has a large empty space inside it.

Early canoes were hollow, and the human would sit or stand inside that hollow space.

You have done so well to listen to all of that new information today.

Well done.

Let's recap on everything we have discovered.

We know that humans have always explored new places.

An explorer is a person who travels to a place they have never been before.

We know that early humans moved around to find food, water, warmth and safety.

We know that the earliest explorers travelled by walking or sometimes in boats called canoes.

We know this because the Pesse canoe is an early example of a canoe made from a hollow tree trunk.

So that is the very first lesson of this unit all done, and what an interesting lesson it was.

Join me next time to find out more about how seafaring has changed over time.

Bye.

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Early explorers travelled by foot." }, "questionType": "True or false", "correct": [ { "text": "True" } ], "choices": [ { "text": "True" }, { "text": "False" } ], "id": "c52ce805-419b-8cfa-90fb-dcc44eee64fe", "lessonId": "53505390-72b9-0b3d-be70-eb0a4abfa85a" }, { "type": "Question", "question": { "text": "Choose the best description of an explorer." }, "questionType": "Multiple choice", "correct": [ { "text": "A person who travels to new places and discovers new things." } ], "choices": [ { "text": "A person who plans long journeys with a map." }, { "text": "A person who goes searching for something." }, { "text": "A person who travels to new places and discovers new things." } ], "id": "30ee4348-d6a6-c876-3792-3f7ef6fb3696", "lessonId": "53505390-72b9-0b3d-be70-eb0a4abfa85a" }, { "type": "Question", "question": { "text": "Why did early explorers decide to make boats from tree trunks?" }, "questionType": "Multiple choice", "correct": [ { "text": "So they could travel across water" } ], "choices": [ { "text": "So they could travel across water" }, { "text": "To use up leftover wood" }, { "text": "To learn new skills" } ], "id": "f05c44c2-f52d-7d56-3994-dd6d5600980f", "lessonId": "53505390-72b9-0b3d-be70-eb0a4abfa85a" }, { "type": "Question", "question": { "text": "What is a canoe?" }, "questionType": "Multiple choice", "correct": [ { "text": "a type of boat" } ], "choices": [ { "text": "a type of car" }, { "text": "a type of boat" }, { "text": "a type of bike" } ], "id": "0cf25430-9ee8-13a5-03d2-520f351e372a", "lessonId": "53505390-72b9-0b3d-be70-eb0a4abfa85a" }, { "type": "Question", "question": { "text": "Which adjective describes a tree trunk after it is made into a canoe?" }, "questionType": "Multiple choice", "correct": [ { "text": "hollow" } ], "choices": [ { "text": "hollow" }, { "text": "long" }, { "text": "narrow" } ], "id": "85b92216-b7ea-1594-c4fd-5ec313561cdd", "lessonId": "53505390-72b9-0b3d-be70-eb0a4abfa85a" }, { "type": "Question", "question": { "text": "Why did early explorers move around?" }, "questionType": "Multiple choice", "correct": [ { "text": "To find somewhere safe to live" }, { "text": "In search of food to eat" }, { "text": "In search of a supply of water" } ], "choices": [ { "text": "To find somewhere safe to live" }, { "text": "In search of food to eat" }, { "text": "To have more space to play" }, { "text": "To find a place with nicer weather" }, { "text": "In search of a supply of water" } ], "id": "1ffa129a-f520-74cd-53ac-4f121a5f2e8c", "lessonId": "53505390-72b9-0b3d-be70-eb0a4abfa85a" } ], "lessonId": "53505390-72b9-0b3d-be70-eb0a4abfa85a", "meta": { "gradeStageId": "ks1", "subject": "History", "grade": null, "topic": "Year 1", "unit": "John Cabot and Brunel", "gradeStage": "Key Stage 1", "lesson": "Early explorers and their boats" } }, { "id": "e0ba40fc-4da9-44de-be01-84aec4a5c933", "type": "Content", "contentType": "Additional material", "content": { "text": "

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